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Hydrogen Sulfide Toxicity Mechanism
On the toxicity mechanism of hydrogen sulfide
, its name is hydrogen sulfide, which is highly toxic and harmful to the human body, which should not be underestimated. Investigating its toxicity mechanism covers the following ends.
First, hydrogen sulfide can disturb the respiratory chain of cells. Cells rely on the respiratory chain for production capacity to maintain life. Hydrogen sulfide enters the body, approaches the mitochondria, and combines with cytochrome oxidase. This enzyme is the key to the respiratory chain, and it is also responsible for the transmission of electrons. Hydrogen sulfide is attached to it, just like a lock spring enters a foreign body, the path of electron transmission is blocked, resulting in a sharp decrease in ATP production. If the cell does not have ATP as the source of energy supply, such as boat loss, the function will gradually decline, and eventually apoptosis.
Second, hydrogen sulfide can promote the generation of oxidative stress. Normally, oxidation and antioxidation maintain a balance in the body. However, hydrogen sulfide enters the body, resulting in a significant increase in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS has strong oxidative properties, which can damage the lipids of cell membranes, cause changes in the fluidity and permeability of membranes, and endanger the integrity of cells. And ROS can modify the structure and function of proteins, inhibit the activity of enzymes, and cause disorders in cell metabolism. Not only that, ROS can also disrupt the structure of DNA, lead to gene mutations, and become the germination of diseases.
Furthermore, hydrogen sulfide also has serious harm to the nervous system. The operation of the nervous system depends on the transmission of neurotransmitters. Hydrogen sulfide can change the metabolism and release of neurotransmitters. If it interferes with the function of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), GABA is also an important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. If its function is disturbed, the excitation and inhibition of the nerves will be out of balance, and people may experience convulsions, coma, etc.
In addition, hydrogen sulfide can cause inflammatory response. It stimulates the body's immune cells, causing the release of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The proliferation of inflammatory factors causes local tissue redness, swelling, heat pain, and long-term damage to the function of tissues and organs.
From this perspective, the mechanism of hydrogen sulfide toxicity is complex and has damage to cells, nerves, immunity and other systems. Understanding its mechanism is the key to preventing its harm and treating its toxicity.
, its name is hydrogen sulfide, which is highly toxic and harmful to the human body, which should not be underestimated. Investigating its toxicity mechanism covers the following ends.
First, hydrogen sulfide can disturb the respiratory chain of cells. Cells rely on the respiratory chain for production capacity to maintain life. Hydrogen sulfide enters the body, approaches the mitochondria, and combines with cytochrome oxidase. This enzyme is the key to the respiratory chain, and it is also responsible for the transmission of electrons. Hydrogen sulfide is attached to it, just like a lock spring enters a foreign body, the path of electron transmission is blocked, resulting in a sharp decrease in ATP production. If the cell does not have ATP as the source of energy supply, such as boat loss, the function will gradually decline, and eventually apoptosis.
Second, hydrogen sulfide can promote the generation of oxidative stress. Normally, oxidation and antioxidation maintain a balance in the body. However, hydrogen sulfide enters the body, resulting in a significant increase in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS has strong oxidative properties, which can damage the lipids of cell membranes, cause changes in the fluidity and permeability of membranes, and endanger the integrity of cells. And ROS can modify the structure and function of proteins, inhibit the activity of enzymes, and cause disorders in cell metabolism. Not only that, ROS can also disrupt the structure of DNA, lead to gene mutations, and become the germination of diseases.
Furthermore, hydrogen sulfide also has serious harm to the nervous system. The operation of the nervous system depends on the transmission of neurotransmitters. Hydrogen sulfide can change the metabolism and release of neurotransmitters. If it interferes with the function of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), GABA is also an important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. If its function is disturbed, the excitation and inhibition of the nerves will be out of balance, and people may experience convulsions, coma, etc.
In addition, hydrogen sulfide can cause inflammatory response. It stimulates the body's immune cells, causing the release of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The proliferation of inflammatory factors causes local tissue redness, swelling, heat pain, and long-term damage to the function of tissues and organs.
From this perspective, the mechanism of hydrogen sulfide toxicity is complex and has damage to cells, nerves, immunity and other systems. Understanding its mechanism is the key to preventing its harm and treating its toxicity.
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