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Molecular Shape of Hydrogen Sulfide
Hydrogen sulfide is a common inorganic compound. The shape of its molecule is unique.
The molecular formula of hydrogen sulfide is $H_2S $. In the hydrogen sulfide molecule, the sulfur atom occupies the center position, and the two hydrogen atoms are separated on each side. The outer layer of the sulfur atom has six electrons, two of which are lone pairs of electrons, and the other two electrons form covalent bonds with the hydrogen atom.
According to the theory of mutual exclusion of valence layer electron pairs, the shape of the molecule is determined by the number and distribution of valence layer electron pairs in the central atom. In hydrogen sulfide molecules, the valence layer electron pairs of the central atom of sulfur include two pairs of bonding electron pairs and two pairs of lone pairs of electrons. These four valence layer electron pairs will try their best to move away from each other to achieve the lowest energy state.
Therefore, the shape of hydrogen sulfide molecules is V-shaped, just like the shape of water molecules. Two pairs of lone pairs of electrons generate a large repulsive force on the bonding electron pair, and the hydrogen-sulfur-hydrogen bond angle is smaller than the bond angle of the regular tetrahedron, which is about 92.1 dollars ^ {\ circ} $. This unique molecular shape has an important impact on the physical and chemical properties of hydrogen sulfide. For example, due to its V-shaped structure, the molecule has a certain polarity, which makes it soluble in water and shows a specific activity and reaction tendency in chemical reactions.
The molecular formula of hydrogen sulfide is $H_2S $. In the hydrogen sulfide molecule, the sulfur atom occupies the center position, and the two hydrogen atoms are separated on each side. The outer layer of the sulfur atom has six electrons, two of which are lone pairs of electrons, and the other two electrons form covalent bonds with the hydrogen atom.
According to the theory of mutual exclusion of valence layer electron pairs, the shape of the molecule is determined by the number and distribution of valence layer electron pairs in the central atom. In hydrogen sulfide molecules, the valence layer electron pairs of the central atom of sulfur include two pairs of bonding electron pairs and two pairs of lone pairs of electrons. These four valence layer electron pairs will try their best to move away from each other to achieve the lowest energy state.
Therefore, the shape of hydrogen sulfide molecules is V-shaped, just like the shape of water molecules. Two pairs of lone pairs of electrons generate a large repulsive force on the bonding electron pair, and the hydrogen-sulfur-hydrogen bond angle is smaller than the bond angle of the regular tetrahedron, which is about 92.1 dollars ^ {\ circ} $. This unique molecular shape has an important impact on the physical and chemical properties of hydrogen sulfide. For example, due to its V-shaped structure, the molecule has a certain polarity, which makes it soluble in water and shows a specific activity and reaction tendency in chemical reactions.
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